Weight vs. Volume

Drygast
Drygast, 2022-02-14

Conversion table and the reason I use weight in my recipes.

Weight vs. Volume

Ever since I first showed my recipe collection to some friends, I have been asked why I specify the amount of ingredients by weight instead of volume. I understand the question as many recipes have historically used volume without problems and most people who read and follow recipes are simply used to it.

However, problems arise quite quickly when using certain ingredients. Above all, it becomes clear when baking as, among other things, the amount of flour can vary very much based on who picks up a deciliter from the flour package. One thing that can make it even more confusing is the concept of "topped" where it is up to each person to decide how much extra amount of current ingredient it entails.

Pressed vs. powdered Pressed vs. powdered

So I did a quick experiment where I deliberately filled a deciliter of flour in two different ways. One where I pressed the measure hard in the flour bag to get as compact an amount of flour as possible and one where I instead powdered over the flour from the bag into the measure. Because I did this consciously, I expected a bigger difference than would be considered normal, but regardless, this was the result:

  • 1 dl = 82 gram
  • 1 dl = 49 gram

Once again - there is a bigger difference than what a normal handling of the flour would be, but it still shows that there can be large variations in the amount that ends up in the finished product. By using a scale, you exclude this potential source of error and can be sure that you use the amount that the recipe refers to.

Website, technology and nutritional value

In addition to handling problems as above, there were also problems when I wanted my website to calculate the total nutritional value of a recipe automatically based on the ingredients included.

Swedish nutrition declaration Swedish nutrition declaration

A normal Swedish nutrition declaration lists values for 100 grams and it is this information that I choose to save for each ingredient. Since I already know what the values are for 100 grams, it is easy to add up and calculate the recipe's total nutritional value based on these numbers, provided I know how much (in grams) I use of each ingredient in the recipe.

I am aware that the calculated figures for each recipe can be a bit skewed based on how the ingredients are handled. If it is a recipe that requires a long time boil, e.g. a lot of water to boil away. But that is also why I choose to show the nutritional value of the total recipe and the nutritional value of a portion.

The problem of using weight for everything arises when you instead use very small amounts of some ingredient (such as spices). A cheap/normal kitchen scale is not always so accurate that it can show parts of grams, so it is advantageous to use volume instead. Weighing up what a spice measure of an airy powder weighs is not entirely easy.

So a while ago, I supplemented each recipe with measurements in volume where possible. Nowadays, ingredients are listed according to "45 g (0.5 dl) Sugar" instead. I still use weight as the main connection and calculation in the database, but volume (or number) is now a part that hopefully makes it easier.

Conversion table

Here I list some of the most common ingredients I use and its relationship between weight and volume. There is certainly a lot missing from this list and I see it as an ongoing work that will be updated over time. In cases where I have not found an official specification, I have done my best to weigh it myself, but almost all measurements and weights on the list below are taken from the National Food Administration in Sweden or from information directly on the purchased ingredient.

IngredientWeightVolume
Water100 g1 dl
Water1 kg1 liter
Milk100 g1 dl
Cream100 g1 dl
Créme fraiche100 g1 dl
Grated cheese40 g1 dl
Grated cheese (parmesan, grana padano)50 g1 dl
Egg (M)60 g-
Eggwhite (M)36 g-
Eggyolk (M)18 g-
Egg (L)70 g-
Eggwhite (L)42 g-
Eggyolk (L)21 g-
Oil90 g1 dl
Butter95 g1 dl
Butter14 g1 tbsp
Butter (melted)90 g1 dl
Coconut fat (melted)90 g1 dl
Mayonnaise100 g1 dl
Flour60 g1 dl
Flour9 g1 tbsp
Dry yeast3.2 g1 tsp
Dry yeast9.6 g1 tbsp
Baking powder15 g1 tbsp
Baking powder5 g1 tsp
Potato flour80 g1 dl
Corn starch55 g1 dl
Corn flour60 g1 dl
Rice flour80 g1 dl
Breadcrumbs50 g1 dl
Rolled oats35 g1 dl
Coconut flakes61 g1 dl
Vanilla powder2.5 g1 tsp
Almond46 g1 dl
Basmati rice85 g1 dl
Brown rice85 g1 dl
Dry Red Lentils90 g1 dl
Granulated sugar90 g1 dl
Granulated sugar14 g1 tbsp
Brown sugar75 g1 dl
Icing sugar60 g1 dl
Pearl sugar12 g1 tbsp
Syrup140 g1 dl
Honey140 g1 dl
Cocoa Powder40 g1 dl
Cocoa Powder6 g1 tbsp
Yellow onion (medium)100 g-
Yellow onion (large)200 g-
Carrot (medium)100 g-
Red bellpepper (medium)175 g-
Red bellpepper (large)225 g-
Eggplant350 g-
Banana (with peel)1168 g-
Banana (without peel)195 g-
Salt (fine salt)125 g1 dl
Salt (fine salt)19 g1 tbsp
Salt (fine salt)6 g1 tsp
Salt (fine salt)1 g1 pinch
Black pepper (finely ground)2.2 g1 tsp
Black pepper (coarsely ground)2.9 g1 tsp
Onionpowder3.0 g1 tsp
Garlicpowder3.5 g1 tsp
Chilipowder2.3 g1 tsp
Cayennepepper powder2.3 g1 tsp
Paprika powder2.0 g1 tsp
Turmeric powder2.5 g1 tsp
Oregano (dried)0.5 g1 tsp
Timjan (dried)1.0 g1 tsp

I will definitely add to this list over time as it will be a big part of how I set up my recipes and calculate the amount of each ingredient. There may be older recipes that I have not updated according to these figures, so some small changes there can probably also happen.

Main sources:
www.livsmedelsverket.se
Information found on Swedish ingredients.
Own measurements.

1 Average of 10 Bananas. Big variations.

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